The Evolution of Portuguese Health Remedies: Of Royal Influence and Traditional Wisdom

Charity Kuahiwinui

Affectionately known as encosta do sol, our local landscape is dotted with vibrant towns where tradition and history are deeply interwoven into the fabric of daily life. One such tradition that has withstood the test of time is the use of “mezinhas” or “remédios caseiros” — natural home remedies. These remedies, often passed down through generations have provided comfort and relief long before the advent of modern medicine and continue to do so today.

Thermal Hot Springs
The story of modern medicine in Portugal is one of royal intervention and the ongoing appreciation for traditional wisdom. A huge part of that history was written in Caldas da Rainha when Queen Dona Leonor passed through the area on her way to Batalha in 1484. Legend goes that she witnessed locals bathing in stinky, sulfuric water. When she inquired as to what they were doing, they let her know of the water’s healing properties. She tested it herself and found relief for some of her own ailments. The queen was so impressed with the outcome that she sold some of her personal land and property to raise funds to found a Thermal Hospital located in the area of the hot springs. This opened to the public just a short year later and was completely finished in just a few years. It has been in continuous operation as a center of healing since then!
Indeed, Queen D. Leonor played a significant and long-lasting role in the health and welfare of the Portuguese people. In addition to our beloved hospital, she helped establish the “misericórdia” brotherhoods with a focus on helping the poor and sick with medical treatments, housing, clothing, food, funeral assistance, and other functions of daily living. These associations continue to play a large role in local communities, ensuring equality in health outcomes throughout the country.

The Enduring Legacy of Natural Remedies
Throughout the years, even after the rise of modern medicine in the country, natural remedies known as “mezinhas” have remained a steadfast part of Portuguese culture. They reflect a universal approach to healthcare that relies on readily available natural resources.
One of the most beloved remedies is “cházinho de limão com mel” or lemon tea with honey. If you mention having a cold to an elderly Portuguese neighbor or vizinha, she’s likely to recommend “muito cházinho de limão,” which translates directly to “plenty of lemon tea.”
When put into action, this simple yet potent remedy involves placing freshly cut lemon peels in a cup, covering them with hot water, and adding a teaspoon of honey. This soothing treatment is generally effective for relieving early cold symptoms. Variations include adding lemon juice, a cinnamon stick, and slices of freshly-cut ginger. Ginger by itself is a very effective remedy for upset stomachs and has anti-nausea properties.
When it comes to overall nourishment and comfort during illness, “gemada” is a cherished remedy. This tonic involves beating an egg yolk with sugar or honey until frothy. Add a bit of port and cinnamon powder. While not a medicine per se, “gemada” serves as a comforting and strengthening boost for those feeling under the weather.
For those suffering from a persistent cough, “rebuçados Dr. Bayard” seem to be the go-to solution. These iconic cough drops, made from a blend of medicinal herbs, have a rich history dating back to World War II and many locals maintain their effectiveness.
In colder months, warming remedies like “aguardente” and spiced wine are popular. Aguardente’s remedy involves mixing two tablespoons of sugar with the spirit, setting it on fire, and drinking the warm liquid once the flame goes out. This potent potion is believed to help one sleep off the symptoms of a cold. Similarly, a mixture of red wine, sugar, lemon peel, and a cinnamon stick is boiled until the alcohol evaporates, creating a syrup-like consistency that is both warming and soothing.
The rich history of Portuguese health remedies is a testament to the enduring power of tradition and natural wisdom. From the regal initiatives of Queen D. Leonor to the cherished “mezinhas” passed down through generations, Portugal’s approach to healthcare is a blend of modern advancements and timeless practices. Whether it’s the comforting warmth of “cházinho de limão” or the invigorating tonic of “gemada,” these remedies offer a glimpse into the heart of Portuguese culture — one that cherishes simplicity, natural resources, and the enduring bond of community and tradition.

Sources:
asrjetsjournal.org/index.php/American_Scientific_Journal/article/view/3805
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3609166/
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7689443/
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